Governance


Penni Stewart, the new president of CAUT, has a most pertinent piece, “Towards a New Coalition Movement in Higher Education,” in the most recent CAUT Bulletin. Here are some highlights:

Often, issues that seem entirely local and which demand response from our member associations are manifestations of national and even international trends. One of CAUT’s important roles is to monitor the changing post-secondary political and organizational environment and provide advice to members. For example, across Canada employers are coming to the bargaining table with demands for more bureaucratic and extensive performance reviews. Seized with the immediate issue, a local association may not see beyond this to the general trend and the way these demands lead to increasing corporatization and loss of collegial governance.

CAUT has been active in monitoring and responding to “free trade” agreements, including the new General Agreement on Trade in Services and other free trade agreements. In last month’s Bulletin, we reported on a new OECD review of post-secondary education that is chilling in its embrace of performance reviews, targeted research funding and diminished institutional and professional autonomy. This is a perfect example of an international phenomenon that will have significant and detrimental local effects.

Contrary to rumours about a past golden age, life has never been easy or simple in the post-secondary sector, and there is no reason to think this will change. Chronic underfunding of higher education is now increasingly compounded by provincial allocation schemes that funnel money to government priorities while neglecting base funding. At the same time, federal funding programs are designed to buy maximum policy leverage while contributing as little as possible to the base cost of our institutions.

Funding is increasingly performance-based and competitive and justifiable public demands for accountability have been used as a rationalization for more centralized managerial control.

The increasing reliance on targeted research and institutional funds pits institutions against each other, eroding the close bonds among academic colleagues nationally and internationally. Universities are increasingly changing their authority structure. Academic senates are increasingly dominated by administrators, and their powers diminished in favour of higher level management.

Read the whole article.

Have you read the commentary by Claire Morris in the Globe and Mail today?

Wonder which “some provinces” might be?:

There is increasing concern in our university community that government interventionism, at least in some provinces, is threatening the delicate balance. However well-intentioned, governments’ forays into micromanaging universities risk undermining the very roles they expect universities to play in society. Institutional autonomy and the related principle of academic freedom provide the best conditions for the conduct of scholarship and higher education in a free society. Institutional autonomy is important to the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada. For example, to join the association, a member institution must have an independent board of governors, or appropriate equivalent, that is committed to public accountability and functions in a transparent manner, and that has control over the institution’s finances and administration. A member institution must also ensure that academic decisions - what is taught, who teaches it and how it is taught - are vested in academic staff through an academic senate or appropriate equivalent.

And if your ears are burning, read the comments to find out why.

in Newfoundland continues:

The reader comments, on both articles, are interesting. There is a smattering of the usual “who pays the piper gets to call the tune” sort of stuff — though the question of who pays the one who pays the piper never seems to arise — as well as some blaming of the universities for various widespread ills, but there are a heartening number of comments that indicate a clearer understanding of the dangers of direct political interference in university governance.

Prize for the best response to the former goes to Clutch Cargo (possibly a pseudonym):

So the taxpayers of NFLD have a say in this? Yes, let’s open it up to public scrutiny. People across the province can phone in their favorite. We can call it: “How do you solve a problem like an intellectual?”, or maybe “Canadian Professor” or even “Can you Administer?”

Bruce B.’s comment (2008/07/30 at 10:56 AM ET) on the CBC article offers food for thought, particularly given our own impending search for a president at UNB:

The Minister is being dishonest and attempting to mislead the public. Everyone internal to MUN knows what happened and it has spilled over into the alumni ranks which are spread across the world, and it is political interference at the highest level. Now, it is laudable that the Government would wish the best candidate for such an important office, but to try and control a time honored and efficient process of peer recruitment and review is not appropriate in NL and is certainly not done anywhere else in Canada. What does the Premier think this will do to potential candidates? Will the “brightest stars” even dare to take on such a challenge? Unlikely since they will no doubt have to assume they will have no autonomy and suffer under the thumb of a politician. No, it is sad given that MUN ranks as one of the best institutions in this country…despite the conditions under which it operates which includes, by the way, minimal financial support from Government. As an alumni outside of the province, I along with many others, am disgusted and embarrassed!

One hopes that the controversy will incline Premier Graham to tread gingerly here in N.B., though one fears that he is probably jumping up and down while pumping his fist.

In closing, here is a Dilbert strip that I have been saving since May 1:

Why is it that the government and the editorial board at the T-J confuse accountability with public disclosure? Moreover, why is it that both the government and the editors imply that the universities have been deliberately secretive?

As Michael Higgins stated, his administrative salary was part of the public record when in Ontario — and he would comply with any similar requirement if it were in place in New Brunswick. Why would he object? Public disclosure of administrative compensation has not impinged on the mission and mandate of Ontario universities such as the U of T.

It is not so clear that this would be the case in New Brunswick though. Here the politicians and media have muddled the issues so badly that it will be a miracle if they ever get things straight.

It is possible to disclose how public monies are spent without dictating how they will be spent. At UNB and other public universities, budget priorities are established by the administration (with some consultation on the part of Deans of Faculty), submitted to the Board of Governors for approval, and scrutinized by auditors. Such oversight encompasses both capital and operating expenditures, including administrative and other salaries.

Should these documents be made public? As someone who’s been privy to them as a Board member, I see no reason why not. Information on the salaries of other employees is a matter of public record, albeit without the names. Moreover, there’s nothing much controversial in a break-even budget (well, aside from that pesky granting formula which disadvantages UNB Saint John). I could also add that as a citizen of this province, I believe university budgets should be public documents.

Is public disclosure the same thing as accountability? Not quite.

Public disclosure is a regulatory measure put in place to make institutions show how they have managed their resources; it is not intended to let government meddle with the mission and mandates of NB universities.

It is a little too convenient that the government now wants to get tough with NB universities and make them reveal administrative compensation packages; the government has had the power to legislate public disclosure all along and failed to exercise its prerogative. (The same could be said, and has been said by Tony Keller in “N.B. becomes latest province to impose access to info law on universities. Let us count the benefits,” about the NB record on information and privacy.) It is disingenuous of Doherty and the T-J editors to suggest that the responsibility for disclosure, or as they would put it (erroneously) “accountability”, rests elsewhere.

One has to wonder why the Telegraph-Journal has seen fit to publish its most recent editorial, “Open the books at universities,” which calls for full disclosure of the salaries of upper administration at N.B.’s four public universities. Either it’s a very slow news day or the paper is continuing its policy of nipping at the heels of the university sector in this province. Not that one is against transparency, but such insistence does seem ironic in a province where there is an impenetrable veil of secrecy over the incomes of the people who really matter (and no, sorry, that doesn’t include the premier). To be clear: one is not against transparency and might even welcome, in a perverse and painful way, specific knowledge of certain salaries. But as the editorial itself notes, “by July 2010, universities will be required to comply with New Brunswick access-to-information laws, along with municipalities and other public institutions that are currently excluded.” So why, one wonders, is the T-J even worrying about it, if not to propagate the useful myth that university administrators are public employees and that universities, by extension, are merely branches of the public sector that need to get with the programme. Why, they would probably even support meddlesome Newfoundland Premier Danny Williams treating Memorial University like a ministry of his own government, rather than respecting its right to self-governance.

You’re right.

What about more coverage of this issue in the T&T and DG? And what about a few more voices from UNB-F and STU?

In the meantime, those at UNBSJ have been doing their part, including our new VP–Dr MacKinnon.

See “UNBSJ Senate Defends Academic Freedom” (Josh O’Kane, TJ 17 July 2008).

Given how Kelly Lamrock is “handling” the EFI issue, it might be that silence is the best strategy — from the perspective of a political party that thinks it might get a second chance at governing. Constituents begged to differ last fall, however — as they were destined to lose a university and our MLAs were curiously silent hoping, no doubt, that the pesky issue of UNBSJ would just go away.

I guess Minister Doherty now thinks its safe to speak. It’s almost 12 months since he was called to task by hundreds (thousands?) of citizens (i.e. voters) on the stoop of his uptown constituency office, and he has spoken loudly, if not clearly, about the resolve of his department to proceed full speed ahead with implementing the “Action Plan.” In “‘It’s time for action’; Education No more consultation, post-secondary plans are final, says minister in charge ” (Telegraph-Journal , 15 Jul 2008, Megan O’Toole) Doherty confirmed that the government intends to begin putting into effect some of the recommendations made by the presidents and principals committee, including program review, clarifying the “roles, missions and mandates” of the public universities — but the government will not increase funding to the extent recommended by the experts on this committee. So… no money, but lots of change — and no more debate.

I beg to differ. At this point, if the government is adhering to the timeline established by the Presidents and Principals, the process of reviewing the various university acts has begun and the department of PSE has sent its request to the department of justice for a draft(s) of the new legislation (see “Stages of a Public Bill,” Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick).

Once Justice has drafted the bill, it is returned to the minister who takes it to caucus for discussion. It would seem to me that since the politicians are debating the merits of the proposed changes, they should take into account the views of the people of New Brunswick — especially if people have concerns about the consequences of tinkering with the mission and mandate of their public universities.

I, for one, have several concerns about what a government that sees PSE as subservient to its political agenda might do to the acts. Why can’t the Liberals see that our universities have a mission, and that they must, continue in the pursuit of knowledge free from government control, as do other “real” universities in this nation. There is constantly talk in this province about meeting national and international standards; check out the mission statement of the University of Toronto and ask how we’ll compare once the politicians are done with us. Will we be able to claim, as does the U of T, that:

Within the unique university context, the most crucial of all human rights are the rights of freedom of speech, academic freedom, and freedom of research. And we affirm that these rights are meaningless unless they entail the right to raise deeply disturbing questions and provocative challenges to the cherished beliefs of society at large and of the university itself.

has just now passed the following resolutions:

1. Whereas with the “Action Plan to Transform Post-Secondary Education in New Brunswick” the government of New Brunswick has recognized the wisdom of increasing the autonomy of the community colleges and allowing them to develop a governance model that best suits their needs (Action 11),

This Senate affirms that independence from government control and interference in academic matters is a defining characteristic of a public university, and of academic freedom.

2. This Senate recommends that the senior administration, including the V-P Saint John, work to ensure that any legislative changes to the university acts will not impair university autonomy or the principle of academic freedom. Such work should include the administrations of other N.B. universities, wherever possible.

Further, if the acts are reviewed, Senate expects senior administration to fully engage,  from the outset, the University community in this process.

Chris Doran provides some context for assessing the Liberal strategy for controlling PSE. As he shows, they are not breaking new ground, they are borrowing from other jurisdictions where layers of bureaucracy were added and:

The cost of the adherence to such bureaucratic impositions has been staggering. Louise Morley has pointed out that the annual cost of these ‘quality assessments’ in the U.K. is equivalent to “the fees for 250,000 students, the cost of five universities, the pay of 10,000 lecturers.” But this bureaucratic proliferation is not the only unforeseen consequence of these reforms.

The student experience was also transformed. Not only did students become “consumers” of education (and, unbelievably perhaps, the “price” of this product quickly skyrocketed - from $0 to about $6,000), but they were also told they could expect a “quality” product, because the council’s “quality assurance mechanisms” had been specifically established for that purpose. But again, unintentional effects resulted. In one infamous case, a university department with a world-wide reputation was shut down (with no advance warning to its students) because it had received only an average score on its research assessment. The fact that it had done extremely well on its teaching evaluation was completely ignored.

For the full story see: “How will bureaucracy help students?” Telegraph-Journal, (July 11/08).

Well, in less than 400 words the editorial board at the TJ thinks it has summed up and shown the case against the Libs’ “Action Plan” as illogical. Yes, that’s how it’s done all right.

Let’s begin with the allegation that AUNBT bases its case on an “appeal to tradition: universities have always been run this way and always must be.”

In fact, in New Brunswick, like elsewhere in the western world, universities have changed markedly in the last 125 years. Why, we now have women in the classroom and women behind the lectern. There are also people of colour and aboriginal people in the same places studying subjects that were not offered traditionally. It’s been some time since universities expanded beyond the law and religion to offer science and the professions-to a diverse student body. The fact that there is a university in Saint John is also indicative of the way in which universities have changed. Many cities in Canada and the United States witnessed the expansion of opportunities in post-secondary education during the 1960s. The editors have not done their homework… but then doing so would not allow them to generalize and make unfounded conclusions.

Next the editors move on to “the appeal to fear: if universities have to draw up five-year strategic plans and meet performance targets, students and professors will leave, and the universities will start to collapse.”

Talk about hyperbole and faulty logic! It seems that the editors at the TJ are ill informed about how universities work - at least how institutions that aspire to be recognized as universities work. As indicated in the AUNBT position paper, the Supreme Court of Canada has deliberated on, and confirmed, the necessity of autonomy and academic freedom to the very identity of a university. Apparently, the views of the Supreme Court are of no consequence to the editors at the TJ. There is no doubt that the buildings will remain - and it will probably appear as if the post-Action Plan institutions are the same as those we have today - but they will be very different and it is uncertain whether they will be recognized as universities by the constituencies that allocate research monies to university faculty, hire university graduates, or accredit professional programs. Will faculty and students leave? Some will, some won’t. Will those who remain have access to the same kind of education that other Canadians have? No.

Taking the easy route, the editors then state that faculty “appeal to emotion: universities are under attack - save UNBSJ/UNB/STU/UdeM/Mount A! “

I, for one, don’t recall any university other than UNBSJ being under attack. I saw no evidence of faculty at UNBF or STU or MtA mounting a SAVE UNBF campaign etc. Moreover, the editors are dismissing the very real threat to the existence of UNBSJ by insinuating that faculty at all New Brunswick institutions saw their institutions as at risk. In any event, the AUNBT position paper does not mention any institution but UNB by name.

And then, without a shred of evidence, the editors state: “Faculty seem to be confusing cause with effect. New Brunswick’s universities are already collapsing, which is why the government has gotten involved.
Public universities are suffering from declining enrolment, tens of millions of dollars in deferred maintenance, and programs that aren’t always nationally competitive. For students, the results have been abysmal.”

Since when do the ebbs and flows of running an institutions signal imminent collapse? I cannot comment on the situation at all New Brunswick universities, or the views of all NB graduates, but I doubt that they see their experience as “abysmal.” My son, for example, completed a BA at UNB and has a job he enjoys, at a competitive salary-in Calgary! Perhaps if there is dissatisfaction among students it has less to do with their studies at “the university” than it does with the fact that they borrow heavily to attend university and then, if they stay in this province, they can’t get a job that will allow them to repay these loans and still have a decent standard of living. Perhaps the TJ would like to do some investigative reporting on what really happens to the graduates of our PSE system regardless of what institution of higher learning is attended. What are the enrolment stats at NBCC? MtA? and so on… These numbers are usually available online - at least for the universities which are more transparent in their behaviour than some would have us believe. It just takes some digging to find the info.

Real research might also be advised before waxing poetic on the “poor results” of our university system. Everyone wants to talk about accountability and quality assurance, but when it comes to actually following their own dicta, the editors at the TJ fall short. Again, there is a mountain of info measuring the accomplishments of our universities-especially on the accomplishments of faculty, some of whom do work on arcane topics, but then where would Jack Keir and Co. be if Albert Einstein hadn’t had a series of academic appointments allowing him to “be” the theoretical genius who developed mathematical models to predict the behaviour of subatomic particles. Interestingly enough Princeton University employed Einstein for some 25 years while he worked on the Unified Field Theory, or as some have called it, the theory of everything. He produced a number of formula, but the experimental proof needed to validate them still eludes scientists - many of whom are employed by universities to continue the work begun by Einstein. Twenty-five years and counting with no practical results! I’d like to think that this type of research–whether in theoretical physics or Early English literature, for example, could be pursued at our universities.

Well, you say, not all academics are Albert Einstein. No kidding. But it is only through having the freedom to pursue research, unfettered by the demands of the state, that academics have the potential to aspire to similar accomplishments. By the way, Einstein had to combat the anti-intellectual forces of the day, defending his theories against nay-sayers, and ultimately leaving his homeland when the National Socialist Party came to power.

Perhaps now I’m being dramatic, but then that is what is required when conversing with the editors of the TJ .

How do the faculty at UNB (F & SJ) feel about the Liberals “Action Plan” for PSE?  See Megan O’Toole, “Profs Pummel Plan” on page one of the Telegraph Journal to find out.

It’s good to keep some perspective when it comes to assessing transformational change in PSE. What is with the Liberal Party in this country? Whether we look to the west or to the east, the Libs are trying to take control of universities. See all the scary details, as released in both the TJ and the Gleaner today.

B.C. academics protest proposals for post-secondary funding,” Matt McCann (July 7/08)

It may be on the other side of the country, but what happens there may have consequences here.

Last month, the British Columbia government sent out letters to all post- secondary institutions in the province, outlining a set of expectations that mirror some controversial aspects of the Graham government’s action plan here in New Brunswick.

And just as in New Brunswick, the B.C. proposals being met with similar cries of protest.

“The concern in B.C., as the concern in New Brunswick, is that these proposals are crossing the line from legitimate accountability to inappropriate intrusion into university autonomy,” said James Turk, executive director of the Canadian Association of University Teachers.

Read the rest.

UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY ON THE LINE

AUNBT’s Response to the “Action Plan to Transform Post-Secondary Education in New Brunswick”

After fifteen months’ turmoil over the shape of post-secondary education in New Brunswick, are we better or worse-off than before this process began? Should UNB’s partisans be heartened or dismayed by the Action Plan that the province released on 26 June? Compared with the hopeful spirit in which UNB pressed the new Liberal government for an inquiry into post-secondary education, the result is disappointing. Conceived and promoted with the faith that any inquiry into the state of NB universities must inevitably recommend greater financial support, of which the province’s flagship university would be the chief beneficiary, the post-secondary process has left UNB with modest funding gains. For this we are to pay a heavy price. The PSE inquiry has become the occasion when New Brunswick’s public universities have given up their autonomy. In parts of the Presidents’ and Principals’ Report [P & P] that were adopted without demur in the province’s Action Plan, the presidents concede that universities will now align their priorities with the shifting enthusiasms of politicians, bureaucrats and corporations. What they asked in return was that politicians fund the universities adequately. Government accepted their surrender, while committing to higher education just one-fifth of the funding sought. In return for these few new millions the great principle of university autonomy has been lost.

But is not the saving of UNB Saint John cause for rejoicing? If submitting to servitude in order to escape destruction amounts to a victory, then the victory is a very modest one. Success in deterring politicians from a course of plain folly hardly redeems the PSE process for UNB. Readers of the P & P Report, from which the province’s Action Plan is largely drawn, will be dismayed to find higher education valued solely in terms of meeting the needs of the provincial economy. This human capital approach frames education as an instrumental learning process, where students are provided with technical skills necessary for labour market participation. From such a perspective graduates are “products”. The only “transformative change” the P & P Report understands is the more effective training of workers for jobs. Ironically, neither the P & P Report nor the province’s Action Plan, both touted as “student-focussed”, offers a single word in celebration of the sort of “transformative change” that study at university brings the individual. The Action Plan also shows no appreciation that, to sustain its reputation as a “national university”, UNB must have a research environment that is competitive nationally and internationally. In every other province, governments recognize that high quality, independent research is necessary to a modern economy.

(more…)

Robert MacLeod, President of the PC Party of NB, voices his concern about the Liberals’ plans for post-secondary education in “Where is the ‘action’ in PSE plan?” (TJ, 5 July 2008). Not too surprisingly, his criticisms reflect PC views on the role of government and how the PC’s would do things differently from the Liberals.

Some of his suggestions are reasonable, others are not. When, for example, he points out that the 33 recommendations are disappointing, especially because they will produce little more than costly bureaucratic growth when much of what the government wants to achieve along those lines “could be done by the universities and colleges without government interference” he is on the money. At the same time, he is of the view that 3P’s are a good thing and that some post-secondary education funding should be allocated to institutions that successfully form such partnerships. Similarly, he advocates making some post-secondary funding equally “contingent” on institutional cooperation between community colleges and universities. Those offering successful joint programs would be eligible for funds from a designated pool — no doubt funds extracted from the existing bugetary allocations!

Now, it would seem that politicians would like to make others, in this case, universities and colleges, abide by rules they would not want to follow themselves. In other words, too bad there aren’t stricter rules and regulations for the spending of federal transfer monies to the province. If the provincial government allocated the social transfer payments so as to ensure that New Brunswickers had access to the same level of educational (and health) services as found elsewhere in Canada (with the exception of Alberta and BC which provides superior services to their citizenry) then much of the fancy footwork taking place (i.e. the PSE Review) would be unnecessary. Instead, we get the Liberals trying to “find savings” in education and health — see the latest reorganization of health and cuts in French language instruction, in addition to the maneuvering in post-secondary–and the PC’s telling the Libs how to use government funding (i.e. federal monies) to make things happen.

The level of political debate in this province is truly discouraging.

This just in: Yvon Fontaine has changed his mind about the PSE Report. Can we hope the other P’s will soon join him?

PSE plan fails linguistic test; Education Université de Moncton president says it dilutes duality

A week after supporting the provincial government’s plan for post- secondary education, the president of the Université de Moncton has changed his mind because he said it does not go far enough to protect linguistic duality.

A member of a group charged with making recommendations for the plan, Yvon Fontaine said the government watered down some of his group’s suggestions and diluted the importance of duality along the way.

“The work group took the care to constantly recall that the principle of the linguistic duality had precedence,” Fontaine said in a statement. “The plan of the government on the other hand does not do it.”

The Department of Post-Secondary Education, Training and Labour is reviewing Fontaine’s comments.

(read more)

There is an enlightening piece in the Daily Gleaner about how the Liberal action plan will undermine the autonomy of our public universities. David Bell, president of AUNBT, suggests the Premier doesn’t really get the whole concept of university autonomy (and hence academic freedom) and he’s right. He, along with Dennis Deroches of FAUST and Janice Harvey of the Conservation Council (who participated in the weekly political discussion on CBC, Friday 27 June) see through the Liberals thinly veiled efforts to subvert post-secondary education to a political agenda. I don’t think I need to provide historical examples (although who couldn’t since the 20th century is rife with such examples) of what happens when a government takes control of institutions of higher learning.

went out to AUNBT members today:

The “Action Plan” for Post-Secondary Education: First Thoughts from AUNBT

After a year of debate and anxiety among New Brunswickers over the future contours of higher education, the provincial government has published its “Action Plan” for change. Full implementation would carry us beyond the next provincial election but some changes are scheduled to begin at once. Over the course of the next week AUNBT will give the Plan the serious read it deserves and then offer more extended comments. Meanwhile, we urge members themselves to go through the document (download PDF) and share your observations with aunbt.ca. Here are some of our first thoughts.

(more…)

Yes, there was a leak in Fredericton today — well maybe more than one… Just in case you missed them in the T-J, here they are, in all their glory:

This just in:

Greg Kealey To Assume New Role as Provost

I am pleased to announce that  Dr.  Greg Kealey will become UNB’s first Provost effective July 1, 2008 to December 31, 2011.  The Board of Governors has approved the addition of a new Provost mandate to Dr. Kealey’s continuing position as Vice-President Research during this time.

As Provost, Dr. Kealey will assume enhanced responsibility for academic leadership during what is expected to be a period of accelerated change and transition in the next few years.

Later this spring, the Provincial Government should announce its plans for a new integrated and innovative post secondary education system. Based on the recommendations of the Post Secondary Education Working Group, I anticipate an ambitious agenda ranging from greater cooperation among New Brunswick universities to a new funding model that potentially ties future provincial grants to strategic plans developed by each institution. UNB will be at the centre of this agenda, and will require an overall academic leader to coordinate university-wide academic planning within our strategic planning process and to develop new and stronger academic relations with other post secondary institutions.

The recently appointed Commission on Inter-Campus Relations has a mandate to make recommendations for long-term governance and administrative mechanisms which could result in changes to existing structures and the UNB Act. These changes would take some time to implement and the Provost will fill the immediate need for overall academic leadership during this bridging period.

In recent years,  UNB  has realigned the traditional Vice-President Academic function and distributed academic responsibilities among two campus Vice-Presidents and the Vice-President Research. We expect to appoint new campus Vice-Presidents who will take office in the Summer of 2008.

The Provost will act in concert with me and the reconstituted team of Vice-Presidents to lead academic planning and the administration of academic matters of university-wide significance in the period ahead. The Provost role will be reviewed after three years.

Dr. Kealey has significant experience at UNB and other Canadian universities, and has demonstrated effective academic leadership on both campuses in the areas of research and graduate studies.  I am delighted that he has agreed to take on an enhanced mandate as Provost at this critical time. I hope you will join with me in supporting him in his expanded role.

John McLaughlin
President and Vice-Chancellor

See the press release from CBC:

CBU Eliminating 33 Jobs

Cape Breton University is cutting 11 faculty and 22 other staff positions as it prepares for a projected decline in enrolment.

The university’s board of governors passed the 2008-09 budget Friday.

School officials say they expect five per cent fewer students next year. With a tuition freeze in place, that means less money coming in.

University president John Harker said the job cuts will not affect students.

“We haven’t cut any academic programs at all and we’ve combined services rather than deny them to anyone,” he said.

Harker said the school will offer early retirement incentives to eligible staff over the next few weeks, though layoffs are a possibility.

Mary Keating, president of the faculty association at CBU, said she’s pleased with the planning process the university undertook in preparing for these cuts.

However, she wonders whether more job losses are coming. She said she abstained on the budget vote because it’s not clear what cuts could be on the way in the next couple of years.

“There are some units in some departments that are basically where they can be, but they can’t get much smaller,” Keating said.

Ian Lindsay, president of the CBU students’ union, voted in favour of the budget.

“I think as a whole, the cutbacks were just. And I think the fact that there were no programs taken away, I think it was a great day for CBU students,” Lindsay said.

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